PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND EVALUATION OF ANTIUROLITHIATIC ACTIVITY OF Curcuma caesia RHIZOME EXTRACT
The crystallisation of minerals in the urinary tract is a major cause of kidney stone formation, also knownasurolithiasis. It is characterised by the formation of stones, also known as calculi or uroliths, within the urinary tract. These stones may accumulate in the bladder, urethra, ureters, or kidneys, resulting in several symptoms withpotential complications. Kidney stones can cause severe discomfort, blood in the urine, nausea, vomiting, fever, andchills. Treatment of urolithiasis depends on the size, location, and content of the stones, as well as the degreeof signs and symptoms. The primary objectives of the management are to relieve pain, enable stone passage, prevent recurrence, and protect kidney function. So, plant-based treatments are frequently used for the management of urolithiasis in traditional medicine. Curcuma caesia, also referred to as black turmeric, is well-known for itsantiurolithiatic property in traditional medicine. The high levels of flavonoids, phenols, and other antioxidant phytochemicals in Curcuma caesia are mainly responsible for its anti-urolithiasis effects. The rhizomes of Curcumacaesia were collected, dried, powered and extracted with ethanol using a Soxhlet apparatus. The presence of chemical constituents in Curcuma caesia was identified and characterised by phytochemical screening and spectral studies. Further, the antiurolithiatic property of Curcuma caesia was assessed through an in vitro study. Theevaluation results revealed that the ethanolic extract of Curcuma caesia exhibited promising antiurolithiatic activityin comparison with the marketed formulation (Cystone).
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