GREEN NANO-FERTILIZERS ENHANCE INDIGENOUS AND SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE: A SHORT REVIEW
The zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, and iron oxide nanoparticles synthesised from biogenic methods help to enhancethe crop yield and nutrient use efficiency. The organic coronas produced by the green synthesis methods, suchasplant extracts, agro-waste products, and microorganisms, reduce phytotoxicity and influence the dissolution rates. Compared to conventional chemical synthesis, it provides greater environmental compatibility and cost- effectiveness. Multiple agricultural benefits are achieved since the MONPs protect the roots fromdisease and stresscaused by weather or pests. The efficiency is improved due to the surface properties, concentration of nanoparticles, soil criteria and crop species. Disruption of beneficial soil microbes, potential long-term environmental impacts, anddose-dependent phytotoxicity are the significant issues. This review brings together new information about theagronomic uses, mechanisms, benefits, drawbacks, and environmental effects of biosynthesized ZnO, MgO, andFe- oxide nanoparticles. It also points out important gaps in our knowledge and future research needs for their safe usein sustainable agriculture and supporting zero hunger (SDG-2). This work supports indigenous sustainabilityprinciples by promoting natural, low-input soil and nutrient management.
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